Temperature Dependence of the Magnetic Susceptibility of Bismuth

Abstract

The magnetic susceptibility of bismuth single crystals is measured in the trigonal-binary plane over a wide temperature range from 90 K to 540 K. Moreover, we get a function to express the observed values at any temperature, assuming that the temperature dependence of the energy gap dominates the susceptibility of bismuth. All coefficients of this function are determined by using a feast squares fitting method. Then we can evaluate the energy gap at any temperature; for example, the values of energy gaps at 0 K are 18 meV and 193 meV at the L-point and at the T-point in the Brillouin zone, respectively. They are nearly compatible with other experimental results.