Abstract
The low-temperature dependence of the microwave complex surface impedance (17 GHz) of pure and Zn-doped high-quality YBCO single crystals is reported. The surface resistance of the pure crystal shows a peaked structure around 40 K which disappears with Zn doping. The in-plane penetration depth varies linearly with temperature below 25 K; a ${\mathit{T}}^{2}$ contribution appears at the lowest temperature when Zn impurities are added. This suggests that the former temperature dependence is intrinsic to pure crystals whereas the ${\mathit{T}}^{2}$ behavior, also observed in thin films, would be due to defects. The linear temperature dependence is expected for superconducting gaps with lines of nodes.
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