Temperature Dependence of Structure, Morphology and Dielectric Characterization of Gallium Phthalocyanine Chloride Discs

Abstract

The structural investigations of semiconductor gallium phthalocyanine chloride (GaPcCl) in powder form at different temperatures are presented in this paper. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, x-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy techniques were used to calculate the average crystallite size, D, the dislocation density, δ, micro-strain, the number of crystallites per unit surface area, Nc and average particle size and shape. Indeed, the alternating current (AC) conductivity of the GaPcCl disc was studied as a function of frequency and temperature. The activation energy, the type of conductivity mechanism, the real and imaginary parts of both the dielectric constant and complex electric modulus are determined.