Abstract
The objective of this study was to measure temperature changes in the pulp chamber induced by polymerization of resin-based dental restoratives following a simulated procedure of direct pulp capping. Class I cavities with a microperforation at the pulp horn were prepared in extracted human molar teeth. The complete procedure of direct pulp capping and cavity restoration was performed with the root part of extracted teeth fixed in a water bath at 37 ?C. Mineral trioxide aggregate, bioactive dentin substitute or calcium-hydroxide paste were used as pulp capping materials. Cavities were restored with a light-cured or chemically-cured resin-modified glass ionomer, universal adhesive and a bulk-fill composite, cured with a high-intensity LED unit. Pulp capping materials caused a slight temperature decrease. Lower temperature increase was recorded during light-curing of the glass ionomer liner after direct capping with mineral trioxide aggregate and calcium-hydroxide than that recorded for the bioactive dentin substitute. Adhesive light-curing increased temperature in all groups with higher mean temperatures in groups with chemically-cured as compared to those for the light-cured glass ionomer liner. Direct pulp capping with mineral trioxide aggregate or calcium-hydroxide followed by the light-cured resin-modified glass ionomer liner and a bonded bulk-fill composite restoration induced temperature changes below the potentially adverse threshold of 42.5?C.
Highlights
Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), a calcium silicate cement, is widely accepted in dentistry as an effective direct pulp capping material with the potential to stimulate dentin bridge formation maintaining the level of inflammatory reaction similar to that of Ca-hydroxide [1]
Placement of pulp capping materials caused a slight drop in temperature (Biodentine 35.49±0.39 °C; MTA 35.48±0.22 °C and Calxyd 34.10±1.36 °C) with no statistically significant differences between the groups (p = 0.0660)
The first null hypothesis was rejected as significant differences were found between the Biodentine and MTA or Ca(OH)2 pulp capping materials when covered with a light-cured glass ionomer liner
Summary
Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), a calcium silicate cement, is widely accepted in dentistry as an effective direct pulp capping material with the potential to stimulate dentin bridge formation maintaining the level of inflammatory reaction similar to that of Ca-hydroxide [1]. Clinical studies have shown more favorable results of direct pulp capping with MTA than with Ca(OH) pastes [2,3]. MTA and Biodentine, another calcium silicate cement, have shown comparable clinical efficiency in direct pulp capping up to 1 year post-treatment [4]. Direct pulp capping may be successful as a 2-visit treatment [5], 1-visit treatment seems a more viable approach [2], thereby reducing clinical working time and the risk of infection and iatrogenic trauma to the exposed tissue. Placement of a bonded composite restoration is inevitably linked with light-curing of adhesive and composite, as well as with a light-cured glass ionomer when used for lining
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