Abstract
Abstract The genetic diversity of crops, represented by traditional local cultivars and wild relatives, has been disappearing rapidly during recent decades. Plant explorers have been active for centuries; however, concerted international activities were initiated only in the early 1960s by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations. Technical conferences organized by FAO in 1961, 1967, and 1973 created general awareness for the need to conserve crop genetic resources. Both the 1973 Technical Conference and the United Nations Environment Conference at Stockholm in 1972, led to recommendations for a global program. Subsequently, the International Board for Plant Genetic Resources (IBPGR) was established by the Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR) and started its work in 1974. The FAO agreed to provide headquarters for the IBPGR.
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