Telmisartan/Hydrochlorothiazide in the Treatment of Hypertension

Abstract

Telmisartan blocks the detrimental actions of angiotensin II mediated via the angiotensin type 1 receptor. Unique features of telmisartan are high lipophilicity and a long terminal elimination half-life (~ 24 h). Telmisartan/hydrochlorothiazide is indicated for hypertensive patients unable to achieve target blood pressure with either monotherapy. Fixed-dose combination tablets containing telmisartan 40 or 80 mg and hydrochlorothiazide 12.5 mg are widely available; in addition, telmisartan/hydrochlorothiazide 80/25 mg is available in the USA. Telmisartan/hydrochlorothiazide is superior to losartan/hydrochlorothiazide and valsartan/hydrochlorothiazide in maintaining blood pressure control in the risky early morning hours at the end of the dosing interval. Furthermore, telmisartan/ hydrochlorothiazide provides superior 24-h mean blood pressure reduction and is better tolerated than amlodipine/hydrochlorothiazide in elderly patients with predominantly systolic hypertension. Telmisartan has the potential to confer additional reno- and cardioprotection to that due to blood pressure control. The cardioprotective activity of renin–angiotensin system blockade with telmisartan alone and in combination with ramipril is currently being evaluated in the ONgoing Telmisartan Alone and in combination with Ramipril Global Endpoint Trial (ONTARGET) and the Telmisartan Randomized AssessmeNt Study in aCE iNtolerant subjects with cardiovascular Disease (TRANSCEND). In total, 31,546 patients have been enrolled worldwide and are being followed for up to 5.5 years.