Abstract
Telesurgery, or remote surgery, is widely known as a master-slave technology. It has achieved a milestone in surgical technology and intervention, providing widespread prospects of operating on a patient in a remote area with increased accuracy and precision. It consists of one or more arms controlled by a surgeon and a master controller in a remote area accessing all the information being transferred via a telecommunication system. This paper reviews the present advancements and their benefits and limitations in the field of telesurgery. A handful of operations have been done so far. However, due to time-lag (latency), global networking problems, legal issues and skepticism, and on top of the cost of robotic systems and their affordability have led to the concept of telerobotics and surgery to lag. However, with more information and high speed, 5G networking, which has been in a trial to reduce latency to its minimum, is beneficial. Haptic feedback technology in telesurgery and robotics is another achievement that can be improved; further, this allows the robotic arms to mimic the natural hand movements of the surgeon in the control center so that the master controller can perform surgeries with more dexterity and acuity. Due to coronavirus (COVID-19), this type of surgery approach can reduce the probability of contracting the virus, saving more lives and the future.
Highlights
BackgroundThe concept of distance between a surgeon and a patient is not a new idea
Telesurgery, or remote surgery, is widely known as a master-slave technology. It has achieved a milestone in surgical technology and intervention, providing widespread prospects of operating on a patient in a remote area with increased accuracy and precision. It consists of one or more arms controlled by a surgeon and a master controller in a remote area accessing all the information being transferred via a telecommunication system
It was explored in the 1970s by the U.S National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), which had a particular interest in treating the astronauts in space, based on the concept of remote surgery or telesurgery (TS) [1]
Summary
The concept of distance between a surgeon and a patient is not a new idea. It was explored in the 1970s by the U.S National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), which had a particular interest in treating the astronauts in space, based on the concept of remote surgery or telesurgery (TS) [1]. A new pattern of "one-to-many" remote surgery was explored with these clinical series, where the surgeon in the master control room was providing surgical care to the patients who were physically isolated at once. These 12 cases showed it is possible to provide minimal latency, high bandwidth, and reliable communication for medical services with no telecommunication error or network delay [5]. A new concept of 'one-to-many' remote surgery is based on a surgeon simultaneously performing surgeries on multiple patients It is a way through which surgical expertise can reach more patients. It will bring multiple advances in medicine, such as in surgery [25]
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