Teleological Explanation: Function Ascription

Abstract

Abstract This chapter discusses the functional explanation, a mode of explanation that is common in sociology and anthropology. This is not surprising since the functional explanation fits the holistic methodology. The chapter first defines the term “function,” distinguishing it from words like “role” and “purpose” while showing its general indispensability in marketing. Next the functional explanation itself is defined and its grounding in the concept of system is discussed. Functional analysis, as a way of identifying functions, is then examined in general and specifically in cognitive psychology. Finally, after reviewing applications of functionalism (functional analysis and functional explanation) to marketing, we review the criticism of this approach.