Teenage Induced Abortions Trends in New Zealand Between the Period 2000-2019

Abstract

Teenage pregnancies and related induced abortions reveal a major public health issue [1,2]. In many countries such as USA, Australia, New Zealand, Sweden, abortion of a previable fetus is legal, while it is illegal in many countries over the world. In the USA, there are many state-specific restrictions such as gestational age restrictions, mandatory waiting periods exist, and there are 50% pregnancies are unintended, while around 40% unintended pregnancies end in induced abortion, about 90% of procedures are done during the 1st trimester [3,4]. In countries where abortion is legal, it is commonly safe with rare complications, while it is very dangerous for women's health issues for the countries where abortion is illegal [3-5]. Induced abortions are highly associated with major health issues. An induced abortion is one of the primary usual gynecological procedures. Despite highly developed abortion methods, there are many known adverse effects and risks that must be considered in public health issues. Completion of an induced abortion can be verified by directly watching removal of uterine contents through ultrasonography used during the procedure. Over the world, 13% of maternal deaths are secondary due to induced abortion, while majority of these deaths take place in countries where abortion is illegal [5-7]. Potential complications associated with induced abortions include bleeding, pain, an infection in the upper genital tract, or an incomplete abortion that causes oophoritis, endometritis, salpingitis, and parametritis [6-9]. Teenage induced abortions trends are very little studied in the previous articles [1,2,10]. In fact in women’s health studies abortions trends are not studied properly. The word “Trend” is related to a data set for a long period of time, known as time series data. Trend is defined as the persevering and gradual movement of the series for a long period of time. Thus, the long term variation of a time series data for smooth downward decrease or upward increase is known as trend [11,12]. Actually the trend problem is one of statistical statements, we have by no means converted the problem to a mathematical basis, nor have we done away with the requisite for necessary investigation of the characteristics of the original data. Very little abortions trends are studied based on statistical modeling [2,10]. The current article aims to derive teenage induced abortions trends based on statistical approach Joint Generalized Linear Models (JGLMs), which are very little studied in the women’s health literature. The article is ordered as follows. The next section presents materials and methods which are used in the article. The following sections are statistical analysis and results, and discussions and conclusions.