Tedarik Zincirinde Risk Değerlendirme: Risklerin Tanımlanması, Gruplandırılması ve Önceliklendirilmesi Üzerine Bir Çalışma (Supply Chain Risk Evaluation: A Study on Identification, Grouping and Prioritization of Risks)

Abstract

Purpose – Defining, classifying and prioritizing risks within the scope of supply chain risk management is an important issue in terms of both supply chain and business performance. From this point of view, the study aims to offer a road map for the companies which includes identification the risks that companies operating in the manufacturing sector may encounter in their supply chains, calculation of risk points consisting of probability and impact values of identified risks and prioritization of risks. Design/methodology/approach – The sample of the study consists of 97 enterprises that operate in Kocaeli region and continue their production activities in various sectors. Using the survey method, data were collected on the probability and impact of the risks that these enterprises may encounter in their supply chains. SPSS and Amos programs were used for the validity and reliability calculations of the measurement model. Risks and risk groups are listed by calculating probability, impact and significance scores for each risk element. Findings – Based on the data obtained, the risks and risk groups that companies will experience in the supply chain have been evaluated based on probability, impact, and the importance score, which is the product of these two values. Accordingly, risk factors originating from demand and external environment are the risk groups that share the first two places. The demand driven risk factors was in the top five among probability, impact and importance score. In terms of probability, the risk of unexpected / temporary customers, in terms of impact, the risk of production breakdown and regarding importance the risk of uncertainty in government regulations and laws are in the first place. Discussion – It is important to define and group supply chain risks and then prioritize them according to their importance points, so that supply chain managers and senior management can develop plans and management techniques by addressing risk priority. The studies often focus on high probability and low impact values alone and do not take the opposite into account because there is not enough data. However, both cases will have similar significance values in terms of importance score. Therefore, instead of focusing on mere probability or impact value, it would be more appropriate for companies to calculate importance score using realistic estimation methods and develop management techniques by prioritizing risks over importance scores. This study contributes to the supply chain management and risk management literature by identifying and grouping supply chain risks, ranking them with probability, impact and importance scores.