Technology of hydraulic filling of structures from loessial loams with intensification of their dewatering

Abstract

1. For constructing earth dams and embankments from loessial loams it is expedient to use the hydraulic-filling method of placing the soils with intensification of their dewatering and compaction. It was established that under conditions of Central Asia intensification of dewatering and compaction is achieved by natural drying and moisture exchange between the fresh hydraulic fill and dry soil and this process should be controlled. 2. Dams and embankments, depending on the cross-sectional size, are constructed by dispersed hydraulic filling of soil between longitudinal piles or by end hydraulic filling with alternation of the layers of hydraulic fill and placement of soil of a certain thickness. In both methods intensification of dewatering of the hydraulic fill and achievement of the optimal moisture content for its compaction occur as a consequence of the transfer of excess moisture to the dry soil and evaporation. 3. The cost of placing soil in structures by the recommended technology decreases by 20–30% compared with the rolled-fill method. In this case labor expenditures and earthmoving and transport means are reduced substantially. 4. When planning the recommended technology of hydraulic filling of structures it is necessary to take into account the main technological and design parameters and geotechnical characteristics: time of dewatering the hydraulic fill to the optimal moisture content, dry density of the hydraulic fill, and its fractional composition.