Technology of effective microorganisms for the growth of agricultural plants of the Fabaceae family

Abstract

This article presents the results of studies reflecting the influence of the technology of effective microorganisms (TEM) on the development of plants of the Fabaceae family (Pisum sativum L.). The assessment of the real effectiveness of EM agents in the mild climate of the Central Black Earth region and their influence on field germination and morphophysiological parameters of plants is given. The theoretical foundations of the use of EM agents, their role in the formation of soil microbiological communities and the assessment of their impact as a factor influencing the efficiency of legume-rhizobium symbiosis are presented. The exogenous treatment with biological products significantly increased the number and mass of active nodules on experimental plants, which contributed to the increase in nitrogen-fixing activity, which was an important component for legumes. The authors pay due attention to the assessment of the parameters of photosynthetic activity of plants under the conditions of increased inoculation with microorganisms. Not only an increase in leaf area was noted, but also a longer functioning of the photosynthetic apparatus, which led to an increase in the intensity of the work of the green surface of plants during the entire growing season. The combination of stimulating factors provided a better increase in dry biomass, which was reflected in a significant increase in the value of plant yield. The most intense accumulation of dry matter was observed in the flowering phase, which was also characterized by more intensive inoculation of plants. At the end of the growing season, this was reflected in an increase in the number of beans per plant and seeds in one bean, which had a positive effect on the crop yield indicators. The research results indicate the prospects of the use of the technology of effective microorganisms in plant growing and agriculture for the production of environmentally friendly food products and soil fertility recovery.