Technology in the Administration of Justice: Forensic Scene Research in International Approach

Abstract

Technology begins to play a leading role in the administration of justice, in particular in case of complex proceedings, to which basic forensic methods, techniques and tools have not yet been applied. Humans as an end users of a computer software more and more often use highly specialized software in daily work, thanks to which a number of further analyses can be performed. Such operations, the vast majority of which have been forwarded from competent foreign institutions, are conducted by domestic centres with the application of the latest achievements in forensic science. Recent efforts aimed at introducing commercial services (also made available for use by public institutions) to the market of solutions for the study of sceneprompted the author to scientifically analyse the use of modern technologies in forensic science, with particular emphasis on the crime scene (being the place where traces are discovered and evidence is secured) for the purposes of proceedings conducted by competent law enforcement institutions. Thus, the study can be deemed original and its purpose is to fill the cognitive gap in the indicated scope.Individual sections of the article are devoted to the indication of the role that photography plays in forensic science, issues related to satellite imaging, creation of threedimensional reconstruction models of crime scenes using scanning technology, with an emphasis on the role played by artificial intelligence algorithms in this process as well. As a research thesis, an assumption was made that scene research (its detailed scope, correctness, duration, the possibility of conducting analyses, drawing conclusions), necessary to adequately secure the crime scene, is not independent of the progress of technology. The study includes both theoretical considerations, for which an analysis of Polish and foreign language sources was used, as well as focuses on presenting practical possibilities of applying the described tools. The issue raised remains up-to-date, in particular given the need to seek international opportunities to use the latest, constantly developing technologies for the purpose of conducting criminal proceedings. This focus contributes to the presentation of a comprehensive study, for which a qualitative descriptive method supported by a critical analysis of sources has been used. The article also contains final conclusions and research postulates, including de lege ferendalegislative suggestions.