Abstract
The global trend in the development of dairy farming is aimed at automating and robotizing the technological processes of milk production on a commodity farm. (Research purpose) The research purpose is developing a system for assessing the fatness score of dairy cows, which will be applicable for machine vision systems and will automate early diagnosis of the physiological state, prevention of disease development, adjustment of the feeding diet, decision-making on the transfer of animals to other technological groups and assessment of the overall physiological state of the herd. (Materials and methods) Expert groups were formed to assess the fatness score at the place of data collection, which consisted of at least two independent veterinarians, two specialists with specialized education. Full-scale data was collected from August 2020 to November 2022 on three farms, the total data set contained 486 images from 182 animals with fatness scores from 1 to 5 (according to the expert group). (Results and discussion) We have developed a methodology for determining the fatness score, which focuses on obtaining the linear dimensions of 5 areas of the back: maklaki, hungry fossa, cruciate ligament, convexity of spinous and transverse vertebrae. It was shown that the mathematical model uses linear regression to evaluate areas of interest. The evaluation methodology was upgraded by an expert group for the possibility of application by a machine vision system. (Conclusions) Developed a system for assessing the fatness of dairy cows, applicable to the operation of a machine vision system; a method for determining the fatness score in increments of 0.25 points on a 5-point scale; a methodology for conducting research and collecting field data; for two years, a data array was collected that contains 486 images from 182 animals with fatness scores from 1 to 5 in increments of 0.25 points (17 classes). The algorithm of automatic assessment of fatness of animals with the subsequent determination of their physiological state was given.
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