Technology Evolution of China’s Export of Renewable Energy Products

Xuping Cao,Aroskar Rajarshi,Juxi Tong

doi:10.3390/ijerph15081782

Abstract

With the increasing scarcity of traditional energy sources, global warming and environmental degradation, the increased use of renewable energy (RE) has become an effective path for sustainable development. Therefore, countries are paying more and more attention to the development of the RE industry, and the world trade in renewable energy products (REPs) is developing rapidly. First of all, this paper defines REPs, refines the scope of REPs, and proposes the “Equalization Technology Classification” method for the technology classification of REPs. Second, based on the United Nations Comtrade (COMTRADE) data, the export technology structure of China’s REPs from 2007 to 2016 was empirically measured. Finally, a comparative study was conducted on the renewable energy product (REP) export technologies of major REP exporting countries (or regions) in the world. We found that (1) China’s exports of REPs are mainly medium-high and medium technical complexity products, and that there are few high technical complexity products; (2) the export technology structure of China’s REPs is deteriorating, and its overall technical level is in the middle of the global industrial value chain. The export technology of China’s REPs has a gap compared with that of Denmark, Hong Kong China, and Singapore; (3) the technological competition of the world’s REPs is becoming increasingly fierce. The growth rates of REP technologies in South Korea, Japan, and Malaysia’s REPs are significantly higher than that of China.

Highlights

Renewable energy (RE) is a non-traditional energy source that includes solar energy, wind energy, biomass energy, and nuclear fusion energy [1]
With the increasing scarcity of traditional energy sources, global warming, and environmental degradation, the increased use of renewable energy (RE) has become an effective path for sustainable development [3,4]
This study proposes a method called “Equalization Technology Classification” that divides all renewable energy products (REPs) into five technical levels: high, medium-high, medium, medium-low, and low according to the PRODY value

Summary

Introduction

Renewable energy (RE) is a non-traditional energy source that includes solar energy, wind energy, biomass energy, and nuclear fusion energy [1]. It is widely available, renewable, low-carbon and has minimal environmental impact [2]. RE accounts for a small proportion of the world’s energy use [5]. China is one of the world’s largest energy consumers [8]. As early as 2010, the RE industry was listed by China as one of the seven strategic emerging industries in the country [9].

Methods

Results

Conclusion