Abstract
This review elucidates the technologies in the field of exhaled breath analysis. Exhaled breath gas analysis offers an inexpensive, noninvasive and rapid method for detecting a large number of compounds under various conditions for health and disease states. There are various techniques to analyze some exhaled breath gases, including spectrometry, gas chromatography and spectroscopy. This review places emphasis on some of the critical biomarkers present in exhaled human breath, and its related effects. Additionally, various medical monitoring techniques used for breath analysis have been discussed. It also includes the current scenario of breath analysis with nanotechnology-oriented techniques.
Highlights
Medical monitoring technologies and diagnostics are the essential tools that assist clinicians in discriminating health from disease states and have the potential to envisage impending effects [1]
This review focused on optical and mechanical transducer which incorporates the important classes of nanomaterials and the integration into selective and cross selective sensor arrays were discussed
It gives some specific attention to the technological gaps and perplexing factors that impede nanomaterial-sensor-based breath analysis and it enthralls the future research and development efforts towards the possible approaches to overcome these obstructions. It has been used for clinical diagnosis, environmental conditions and, some of the applications rely on technical developments and clinical evaluations [13]
Summary
Medical monitoring technologies and diagnostics are the essential tools that assist clinicians in discriminating health from disease states and have the potential to envisage impending effects [1]. The detection of diseases strengthens the possibility for successful treatment and insists the demand for Diagnostics 2015, 5 cheap, noninvasive, and qualitative diagnosis of diseases. The first noninvasive method validated to assess airway inflammation was the examination of induced sputum. Sputum analysis could not set up itself as a routine method since it is time-consuming, convoluted and expensive. The metabolite that has been measured in media other than blood has significantly increased because of the major demands for noninvasive diagnostics. Breath is recognized as a medium that can be measured through doses of chemicals from clinical and environmental conditions [3]. Ancient Greek physicians found that the aroma of human breath provides clues to some diseases and supplies an insight into physiological and pathophysiological processes in the body [4]
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