Abstract
Polysaccharide-based hydrogel particles (PbHPs) are very promising carriers aiming to control and target the release of drugs with different physico-chemical properties. Such delivery systems can offer benefits through the proper encapsulation of many drugs (non-steroidal and steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, antibiotics, etc) ensuring their proper release and targeting. This review discusses the different phases involved in the production of PbHPs in pharmaceutical technology, such as droplet formation (SOL phase), sol-gel transition of the droplets (GEL phase) and drying, as well as the different methods available for droplet production with a special focus on prilling technique. In addition, an overview of the various droplet gelation methods with particular emphasis on ionic cross-linking of several polysaccharides enabling the formation of particles with inner highly porous network or nanofibrillar structure is given. Moreover, a detailed survey of the different inner texture, in xerogels, cryogels or aerogels, each with specific arrangement and properties, which can be obtained with different drying methods, is presented. Various case studies are reported to highlight the most appropriate application of such systems in pharmaceutical field. We also describe the challenges to be faced for the breakthrough towards clinic studies and, finally, the market, focusing on the useful approach of safety-by-design (SbD).
Highlights
In the last three decades, there has been a constant development of polysaccharide-based hydrogel particles (PbHPs) as smart tools to release drugs with the right kinetic and target
Conventional drying as well as dielectric treatments generally cause the collapse of the nanoporous structure of the parent hydrogel due to the high capillary pressure gradient established during the solvent removal
Polysaccharide-based hydrogel particles can be used as drug carriers, which application in pharmaceutics depends on the characteristics of the polysaccharides and the drugs, the particle configuration, as well as on the inner structure, namely xerogels, cryogels and aerogels
Summary
In the last three decades, there has been a constant development of polysaccharide-based hydrogel particles (PbHPs) as smart tools to release drugs with the right kinetic and target. The polymeric droplet grows in size until it detaches from the orifice under the influenceofof gravity,falling falling toward gelling medium. This method, there is no control precise on control on the gravity, toward thethe gelling medium In this there is no precise the formation of the droplets that, falling, the tendency to become spherical duesurface to the offormation the droplets that, during theduring falling,the have the have tendency to become spherical due to the surface tension of the liquid before being gelified. Extrusion by syringe or pipette is the simplest simplest way to produce polysaccharide gel particles, this method generally leads to large way to produce polysaccharide gel particles, this method generally leads to large gel particles thatgel are particles that are polydisperse and not always spherical in shape [4,15,16]. Copyright (2018) Ganesan, Budtova, Ratke, Gurikov, Baudron, Preibisch, Niemeyer, Smirnova, Milow
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