Abstract
Technological Solution for Rural Sanitation Structures
Highlights
The two most commonly used sanitation technologies today are the pit toilet and the flush toilet
The systems are too costly to provide to all, and only wealthier upper and middle class areas are normally provided with those services
It is obvious that enormous challenge leads to a rethink, a need to raise the status of sanitation and a need for new approaches, techniques and methods
Summary
The two most commonly used sanitation technologies today are the pit toilet and the flush toilet. Conventional waterborne sewage have proven to be inappropriate to solve sanitation needs in developing countries. 90% of the sewage in cities in developing countries is today discharged untreated, polluting rivers, lakes and coastal areas. Pit toilets have limitations, especially in densely populated areas, with severe risks of contaminating groundwater. Within 20 years from insecurity, decreasing soil fertility and escalating prices for fertilizers in world markets, there is a need to utilize the nutrients, especially in human urine, rich in nitrogen and phosphates, for agricultural purpose, thereby increasing productivity and needs for fertilizers. It is obvious that enormous challenge leads to a rethink, a need to raise the status of sanitation and a need for new approaches, techniques and methods
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