Abstract
The authors propose and demonstrate a simple and novel method for fabrication of efficient Bragg grating reflectors at telecommunication wavelengths in titanium-indiffused lithium niobate single-mode channel waveguides. This technique is based on the patterned proton-exchanged process. The validity of the method is verified by the good agreement of the spectral responses and the Bragg phase-matching condition. Reflectivity as high as 94% at 1546 nm was measured with 4-mm distributed parameter waveguides in z-cut lithium niobate.
Highlights
P ERIODIC and aperiodic distributed parameter waveguides have many applications in integrated optical components (IOCs) dedicated to dense wavelength-division-multiplexing (DWDM) photonic networks [1]
We propose for the first time, to our knowledge, a simple and reproducible method of grating fabrication in titanium-indiffused lithium niobate single-mode waveguides based on the patterned proton-exchanged technique
The preliminary results were obtained for Bragg gratings with periods equal to 7.9 and 8.1 m
Summary
P ERIODIC and aperiodic distributed parameter waveguides have many applications in integrated optical components (IOCs) dedicated to dense wavelength-division-multiplexing (DWDM) photonic networks [1]. Fabrication methods are based on photorefractive [2], [3] and dry-etching techniques [4]. A laser ablation technique has been employed for realizing gratings in LiNbO channel annealed-proton-exchanged waveguides. Using this approach, 6% reflective gratings have been fabricated [6]. We propose for the first time, to our knowledge, a simple and reproducible method of grating fabrication in titanium-indiffused lithium niobate single-mode waveguides based on the patterned proton-exchanged technique. Proton exchange (PE) process is an attractive method for the fabrication of IOCs in lithium niobate (LiNbO ) and lithium tantalate (LiTaO ). Dry-etching methods, the process offers great flexibility and greatly simplifies the grating fabrication
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