Technological assurance of reliability of centrifugal pumps for pumping biomass processing products based on adaptive dampers

Abstract

In almost every mechanical system, moving mechanisms slide over stationary parts, creating friction and, as a result, unwanted energy losses. In engineering, sliding or rolling bearings are most often used as supports. However, any system can benefit from a greater reduction in friction between components. As will be shown in this article, the stability problem can be solved by blocking vibrations in the radial direction. The latest technological advances in the field of manufacturing magnetic materials make it possible to integrate magnetic bearings with permanent magnetization (hereinafter - MBPM) into a larger number of mechanical systems. This blocking of radial movement is carried out without the use of a mechanical sliding bearing, chosen for its simplicity and ease of integration. To facilitate the integration of the MBPM into the overall system of the device, it is important to know the mechanical properties of magnetic bearings, namely stiffness and damping, as well as the performance characteristics and limits of their operation. This article examines the possibility of using an adaptive damper in centrifugal pumps to ensure the technological reliability of the equipment. Alternating permanent magnets in the direction of their movement is the most optimal option, leading to large and smooth hysteresis loops of force - displacement. The proposed arrangement of magnets ensures the adaptability of the device with the determination of its optimal size, and also takes into account the edge and surface effects in the design of the damper. In addition, the article discusses theoretical and technical issues of levitation - free floating of bodies. Magnetic suspension can be used to study only those processes where mechanical connections are undesirable. The use of magnetic suspension for balancing centrifugal pumps during transportation of biomass processing products, supports of mixing devices in reactors in biomass processing reactors and other machine components opens up wide opportunities.