Abstract
Lactic acid bacteria are the focus of research efforts world-wide because of their central role in commercially important dairy fermentations. Significant advances have been made in elucidating the genetic, biochemical and physiological basis of many of the key technological traits of these bacteria. This review examines the recent progress that has been made in the areas of bacteriophage resistance, bacteriocins, proteolysis and carbohydrate metabolism, in the light of their industrial applications. In addition, the increasingly important role of lactic acid bacteria in the production of probiotic products and their potential as vaccine delivery vehicles are discussed.
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