Techno-economic assessment of fuel cell-based power backup system as an alternative to diesel generators in Nepal: A case study for hospital applications

Abstract

A fuel cell-based combined heat and power (CHP) system holds significant potential to be a viable alternative to conventional diesel generators for providing backup power during disruptions. The system generates power with only water as a byproduct, thus promoting environmental sustainability through reduction in greenhouse gas emissions. This study provides a comprehensive techno-economic assessment for replacement of 488 kW diesel generator that powers a hospital in Nepal during power disruption. The counter power capacity of fuel cell is 500 kW. The scope of hydrogen generation has been considered both on-site and off-site. The economic analysis performed for the on-site hydrogen production resulted in a net present value of USD 42,717 with a corresponding internal rate of return of 8.40 % and a payback period of around 10 years, making it an economically viable option. The uncertainty and sensitivity analysis revealed the electricity tariff rate as the most significant cost factor. For off-site hydrogen production, the proposed system is economically feasible if the hydrogen can be purchased below 3.5 USD/kg.