Abstract
Over the past few years, utility scale Solar PV Power plants (SPVPs) are being added to the national grid at Medium Voltage (MV) distribution networks. However, the performance of the distribution networks can adversely be affected, if they are connected without the knowledge of optimum sizes and locations. Challenge in utilization of electricity generated from the weather dependent SPVPs is in its intermittency and non-dispatchability, rendering it hard to match supply and demand which themselves are variable. The difficulties associated with proliferation of SPVPs could be alleviated by the proper use of Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESSs). The impact of installing BESS on the quality of distribution networks during the sizing of battery storage has been considered in this research. In this paper, the optimal placement of SPVPs and B-SPVPs in terms of size and location is evaluated for minimisation of energy loss bounded by voltage constraints preserving the power balance. The required optimization is carried out using Mixed Integer Programming with Genetic Algorithm (MIGA) and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) techniques. The proposed approach was utilised to study the techno economic viability of integration of solar Photovoltaic (PV) and battery energy storage systems to a 33 kV practical network in Sri Lanka – Tissa 1 feeder in Hambantota Grid Substation (GSS). A financial evaluation was carried out to inspect the viability of SPVP and B-SPVP in Tissa 1 feeder using the optimized results.
Highlights
The electricity demand in Sri Lanka has been increasing drastically while the conventional energy sources are being depleted resulting in inadequate supply
The three cases studied are: Case A: optimized Solar PV Power plants (SPVPs) is connected to the Tissa 1 feeder Case B: optimized B-SPVP is connected to the Tissa 1 feeder; and Case C: Determination of the Capital Cost of Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESSs) of B-SPVP to compete with small Gas Turbine (GT) in Kelanitissa, at the optimum solution
This paper presents a case study based optimal planning of SPVP and B-SPVP in distribution networks for total energy loss minimisation, subject to voltage and network power balance constraints
Summary
The electricity demand in Sri Lanka has been increasing drastically while the conventional energy sources are being depleted resulting in inadequate supply. The addition of Renewable Energy Sources (RESs) at the distribution network is controlled by capacity limitations, produced as outcomes of stability studies performed by Generation and Transmission Planning Unit of Ceylon Electricity Board (CEB). These studies include the addition of Renewable Energy (RE) with the proposals for possible GSSs and forecasts based on capital and operational costs, while considering intermittency and uncertainty of RESs at the same time. Combination of Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS) with solar Photovoltaic (PV) systems which are intermittent in nature provide an opportunity to dispatch PV plants the same way as traditional thermal power plants This has offered flexibility in connecting renewable power safely and securely, while storing surplus energy [2]. Technically most important is that no study had been conducted in integration of large scale SPVPs with and without BESS in Sri Lanka, primarily owing to prevailing prohibitively high cost of BESS
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