Abstract
The use of Japanese woody biomass for negative emissions via combustion and subsequent carbon capture and storage (BECCS) is investigated. To this end a novel unmixed combustion technology, Chemical Looping Combustion (CLC) is benchmarked against a conventional process with post-combustion capture. The analysis is based on detailed modeling of fluidized-bed CLC reactors of different fuel-input scales. The costs of the other process steps in the BECCS chain were evaluated from literature data. This techno-economic analysis identified CO2 liquefaction and transport by tanker trucks as the cheapest CO2 transport option. The use of CLC resulted in cost savings of 17% of the entire BECCS cost per tonne of CO2 captured, and the cost-optimal plant size was 50 MWth. The cost of CO2 avoided compares favorably with other low-carbon technologies if the CO2 intensity of the generation capacity that is replaced is below 0.35 kgCO2/kWh (cf. current Japanese grid average ∼0.53 kgCO2/kWh).
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