Abstract
The risks and challenges faced by human society at the moment are global warming, climate change and pollution. In addition to their effect on the atmosphere, the quantity of fossil fuels is beginning to decrease, and countries have taken steps to encourage greater use of renewable energy resources. This article explores the feasibility of supplying electricity from a hybrid power system (HPS) comprising wind/photovoltaic (PV) and batteries. Taking into account residential buildings that consume the largest portion of energy in Saudi grid, Saudi Arabia, Riyadh is the preferred city with distinctive geographical and climatic conditions. The hourly electricity demand data must be over 8760 hours during a 1-year analysis in order to assess the optimum design and operational planning of the HPS. The economic analysis is carried out by applying HOMER software on the basis of net present cost (NPC), energy cost (COE) and the renewable fraction for all situations. In addition, to specify the effect of fuel costs on the scheme, sensitivity tests are carried out by considering two separate tariff rates for residential consumers. The results of the economic analysis show that current tariff is not economic to use HSP under warm and temperate climate conditions compare to using electricity from grid and the expected forecasted tariff shows it’s economic to use HSP compare to grid electricity.
Highlights
The energy demand has increased due to population growth
This study shows the effect on campus model has very low energy (COE) and net present cost (NPC) of renewable penetration and storage
The optimization of the system has been done according to the leveled cost of energy (COE) concepts and compare to SEC tariff prices for residential consumers The terms “Total NPC” and “Total NPC” for all schemes, including the initial capital cost final price of operating costs in addition to CO2 emissions per system, for electricity tariff prices of US$ 0.08/kWh have been considered in Table 6 shows that the optimum configuration of the optimization of renewable energy was the lowest NPC and COE for PV-Grid system
Summary
The energy demand has increased due to population growth. As a result, meeting energy requirements is a growing concern for governors. We can calculate the contribution of the average citizen of each country by dividing its total emissions by its population. The energy consumption per capita is increased throughout the country with a substantial percentage. The data further integrated and demonstrated that the in 2008 the total hydrocarbon consumption is 1766 TWh to fulfill the energy needs of different sectors. Study shows that among the cities considered in the study, Kish Island has mild and temperate climate, highest solar radiation and the lowest value for COE is the most economically and environmentally feasible city to meet the energy needs of all three types buildings. In addition to the substantial decrease in diesel fuel consumption, emission of CO2, NPC and COE prices, this shows that renewable energy is more environmentally friendly and cost-effective than traditional energy sources [7]
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