Abstract
Mechanical expelling (pressing) is a common and developed technique used to separate soybean oil from soybean protein and fiber. Due to the relatively higher oil content in the expelled meal compared to solvent-extracted soybean meal, the mechanical process is often used for specific purposes in industry, such as targeted livestock feed applications. For improving oil recovery and profits, two-stage mechanical process combining extrusion before the expelling process has been introduced and adapted by industrial applications. To examine the viability of this improved two-stage extruding-expelling process, techno-economic analysis was performed by using SuperPro Designer for simulation of the soybean extruding-expelling process. Soybean oil yield increases to over 70% compared to the conventional single-step expelling process with 60%. Soybean oil and soybean meal contributed about 25% and 75% of total revenues, respectively. Through fluctuations in economic conditions, soybean meal plays an important role in earning profits, making the whole mechanical process profitable. According to the sensitivity analysis, the sale of soybean meal is one of the driving forces for the mechanical expelling process, especially in large industrial scales.
Highlights
Soybean is one of the main oilseed crops in the world, and production in the USA has increased over 50% to about 3.93 billion bushels since the 1980s [1]
This study focused on the extruding-expelling process to produce crude soybean oil
The extruding-expelling process is an economically feasible technique when the plant capacity is larger than ~30.77 million kg soybean input per annum
Summary
Soybean is one of the main oilseed crops in the world, and production in the USA has increased over 50% to about 3.93 billion bushels since the 1980s [1]. Soybean oil is one of the main products from soy processing operations. It is one of the main oils used for applications in the food industry and industrial applications, such as such as biodiesel and bio lubricant conversion [6,7]. Soybean meal is an important product from the oil removal process; soy meal is commonly used as a protein source for many livestock diets due to its high protein level, balanced amino acid profile, and variety of minerals and vitamins [8]
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