Abstract

The proposed research activity is part of the conservation of cultural heritage and is based on the study and development of advanced techniques for monitoring, inspecting and mapping building cracks in order to obtain and constantly update the state of building safety through a GIS platform. The data collection (initial and periodic) is one of the most important phases of the monitoring process and allows us to obtain information about the integrity of the buildings, essential in order to plan future design and intervention choices. This operation can be carried out both through traditional tools (3D laser scanners, GNSS receivers, motorized total station) and innovative tools (such as remote sensing or UAVs). The goal of the research was the design and construction of an innovative automated system for monitoring and continuous data acquisition (big data). Furthermore, we have implemented algorithms dedicated to the management of the amount of georeferenced data (big data) acquired. We optimized their representation on GIS (Geographic Information System) platforms in order to obtain an “open and updatable” thematic cartography, and set up a sort of Cadastre of unsafe buildings in the village of Casalvecchio Siculo (possibly extended to other villages in the future). This is intended (in our application) as an updatable IT tool for archiving, viewing, querying and managing all the data that the municipality and the regions have on their own villages. In it, it will be possible to represent the elements inherent to the geometric characteristics of the buildings, their relevance, the state of the cracks, the interventions carried out in the most important historic buildings and the systems created, having databases available that allow quick selective searches by topics.

Highlights

  • This note refers to a series of activities developed by the Geomatics Laboratory of the Mediterranean University of Reggio Calabria in the context of Cultural Heritage (Bernardo, Musolino, & Maesano, 2021) with particular reference to the monitoring, diffusion, dissemination of small villages

  • Attention is focused on the development of a complex innovative and automated system capable of acquiring, processing and managing images by treating them with soft computing techniques in order to extract significant details of the area object of the image, transposing the results automatically into a GIS

  • In order to populate the database we have suitably processed the images acquired through the described acquisition system, extracting the geometric characteristics of the buildings, the presence of decay in the walls

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Summary

Introduction

This note refers to a series of activities developed by the Geomatics Laboratory of the Mediterranean University of Reggio Calabria in the context of Cultural Heritage (Bernardo, Musolino, & Maesano, 2021) with particular reference to the monitoring, diffusion, dissemination of small villages. Attention is focused on the development of a complex innovative and automated system capable of acquiring, processing and managing images by treating them with soft computing techniques in order to extract significant details of the area object of the image, transposing the results automatically into a GIS. These activities are experiments currently in progress within a PhD thesis that is part of the update of the Road Cadastre entitled: "Geomatics and soft computing techniques for monitoring infrastructure and managing big data". Among the many types of sensors that can be used in the monitoring of the building are already today consolidated examples of hardware systems aimed at quantifying virtually real-time, or almost, state of the crack, geometric elements of a building (for example, point clouds by laser scanning), etc (Shan & Toth, 2018; Chen, Truong-Hong, Laefer, & Mangina, 2018; Florkova, Duris, Veselovsky, Sedivý, & Kovalova, 2018)

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