Techniques, Methods, Procedures and Protocols in Nanotoxicology

Abstract

Nanotoxicology involves the study disclosing the toxicity of nanoparticles. An adverse effect caused by the manufacture either during processing or as the final product with nano materials may affect the human society either in vitro or in vivo. Determining the association of nanoparticles with cell mechanism, cell uptake, and subcellular confinement is necessary, as the novel physicochemical properties of nanomaterials may raise new toxicological concerns. It is mandatory to modify and organize the in vitro tests created to reflect the in vivo learning and make them suitable for all applications. Numerous assays are available for in vitro nanotoxicity assessment. This review summarizes the major techniques used in characterization and quantification of nanotoxicology studies. Various in vitro assays like cell viability assay, oxidative stress assay and inflammatory assay etc., characterization and imaging techniques like optical imaging methods (optical microscopes), high – content screening method (electron microscopes) were discussed to reveal the impact of nanoparticles towards environment, human health and involves in examining the risk assessment of nanomaterials among the surrounding environment. This article will be beneficial for beginners and researchers in the field of nanotoxicology studies/research.