Abstract
Heparins and sulfated polysaccharides have been recognized as effective clinical anticoagulants for several decades. Heparins exhibit heterogeneity depending on the sources. Meanwhile, the adverse effect in the clinical uses and the adulteration of oversulfated chondroitin sulfate (OSCS) in heparins develop additional attention to analyze the purity of heparins. This review starts with the description of the classification, anticoagulant mechanism, clinical application of heparins and focuses on the existing methods of heparin analysis and detection including traditional detection methods, as well as new methods using fluorescence or gold nanomaterials as probes. The in-depth understanding of these techniques for the analysis of heparins will lay a foundation for the further development of novel methods for the detection of heparins.
Highlights
Heparins are highly sulfated linear glycosaminoglycans, exhibiting prominent heterogeneity
Pharmaceutical heparins are generally obtained from bovine lung and porcine mucosa [1, 2]. e chemical properties of heparins derived from different sources including molecular mass distribution, pattern of sulfation, and purity will lead to discrepancies in biological activities and clinical drug safety
It is the fact that the adverse effects during the clinical uses and the contamination of heparins such as oversulfated chondroitin sulfate (OSCS) [4] have become common in clinical use, which reveals that the precise methods for the detection and analysis of heparins are needed to be developed
Summary
Heparins are highly sulfated linear glycosaminoglycans, exhibiting prominent heterogeneity. Pharmaceutical heparins are generally obtained from bovine lung and porcine mucosa [1, 2]. E chemical properties of heparins derived from different sources including molecular mass distribution, pattern of sulfation, and purity will lead to discrepancies in biological activities and clinical drug safety. As one of the most widely used clinical anticoagulants [3], the relationship between curative effect and dose is not clear. It is the fact that the adverse effects during the clinical uses and the contamination of heparins such as oversulfated chondroitin sulfate (OSCS) [4] have become common in clinical use, which reveals that the precise methods for the detection and analysis of heparins are needed to be developed
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
