Technique of contemporary iliofemoral and infrainguinal venous thrombectomy

Abstract

Patients with acute deep vein thrombosis involving the iliofemoral venous system experience the most severe postthrombotic sequelae. Treatment designed to reduce or eliminate the postthrombotic syndrome must necessarily remove thrombus to eliminate obstruction. Unfortunately, currently published guidelines do not recommend venous thrombectomy and actually recommend against its use because of the poor results initially reported. However, recent reports of venous thrombectomy and the long-term results of a large randomized trial confirm the significant benefit compared with anticoagulation alone. The technique of contemporary venous thrombectomy follows basic vascular surgical principles and offers patients the opportunity for complete or nearly complete thrombus extraction, thereby avoiding the significant morbidity of their anticipated postthrombotic syndrome. The techniques described herein represent the authors' approach to patients with few alternatives to clear the venous system. Because the patient benefit is well established, vascular surgeons should include contemporary venous thrombectomy as part of their routine operative armamentarium, offering this procedure to patients with extensive deep vein thrombosis involving the iliofemoral venous system, especially if other options are not available or have failed.