Abstract
Nowadays, cleaner production is getting more and more attention, and nuclear power has been widely used due to its low energy consumption and lower pollution. Most nuclear power plants in China, including those under construction and constructed ones, are coastal. For a nuclear power plant, however, its large amount of water consumption and high guarantee rate of water quality will have impacts on the regional water-resource allocation in the site area. During the water-discharge process, low-level radioactive wastewater and warm water will be discharged, while medium or even highly radioactive wastewater will be generated in an accident, both of which will affect the environment of the receiving water. In 2016, the Chinese government began to work on the Guidelines for Water Resources Assessment of Coastal Nuclear Power Plant Projects. The compilation work, led mainly by the Ministry of Water Resources, focused on analyzing key technical points of the impacts of water intake, wastewater discharge, and their reduction measures, as well as water-protection measures. In this study, the technical requirements for impact analysis of water-draw, wastewater discharge, and their remedial measures for coastal nuclear power construction projects in different periods were put forward. Lastly, the measures for water conservation, protection, and management were given. All the technical requirements and measures gave a research basis and technical support for the formulation of the guidelines.
Highlights
To cope with climate change and reduce CO2 emission, many countries have begun to explore cleaner production and use clean energy to achieve these goals, and nuclear power is a kind of clear, economical, and efficient energy [1,2,3,4]
A coastal nuclear power plant consumes a huge amount of freshwater during its operation period, which will affect the allocation of local water resources, as China is a country in which water resources are unevenly distributed in space and time [7,8,9]
It is known that the site of a coastal nuclear power plant project (CNPPP) is located in a coastal area, which often has a dense population, huge water demand, and scarce freshwater resources in China
Summary
To cope with climate change and reduce CO2 emission, many countries have begun to explore cleaner production and use clean energy to achieve these goals, and nuclear power is a kind of clear, economical, and efficient energy [1,2,3,4]. The guidelines for the assessment of water resources of coastal nuclear power plant construction projects began to be formulated by the Ministry of Water. The objective of this research is to analyze the key technical points of water-draw, drainage and present suggestions of water protection measures, all of which provide technical support for the compilation of “the Guidelines for water-draw and utilization assessment on coastal nuclear power plants.”. Due to the large volume of water-draw and the high standard of water supply, the water intake technical points of coastal nuclear power plant projects were evaluated, including three specific parts. Through feasible procedures and reliable processes, scientific conclusions can be drawn It may provide some directions for formulating water-related guidelines for coastal nuclear power plant projects in other countries. Considering that CNPPPs have certain characteristics, such as a long construction period and high-water quality requirement, there are several extra aspects that need to be considered
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