Abstract
Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa) was a member of Malvaceae family. Its calyxes had bright red color due to presence of anthocyanin with an excellent antioxidant property. Raw roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) calyx was highly perishable due to its high moisture content. In order to diversify products from this plant, this research evaluated the possibility of spray drying for roselle extract into dried powder for long-term consumption. We focused on the effect of sugar alcohols (mannitol, sorbitol, isomalt, xylitol, erythritol) at 8%, carrier agents (maltodextrin, gum arabic, glutinous starch, whey protein concentrate, carboxymethyl cellulose) at 12%, operating parameters of spray dryer (inlet/outlet air temperature, feed rate) on physicochemical quality (bulk density, solubility, total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, anthocyanin content) of rosselle powder. Results showed that the optimal spray drying variables for rosselle powder should be 8% isomalt, 12% whey protein concentrate, inlet/ outlet air temperature 140/85oC/oC, feed rate 12 ml/min. Based on these optimal conditions, the highest physicochemical attributes of the dried roselle calyx powder would be obtained.
Highlights
Spray drying was widely utilized in food industry to preserve thermal-sensitive phytochemical constituents in herbs, vegetables and fruits in which solvent mixture was sprayed and transformed into crystallize substances with appropriate attributes[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10]
We focused on the effect of sugar alcohols at 8%, carrier agents at 12%, operating parameters of spray dryer on physicochemical quality of rosselle powder
Cid-Ortega and Guerrero-Beltran[36] verified the microencapsulation of Hibiscus sabdariffa extract by spray drying with the support of maltodextrin and gum arabic as wall material
Summary
Spray drying was widely utilized in food industry to preserve thermal-sensitive phytochemical constituents in herbs, vegetables and fruits in which solvent mixture was sprayed and transformed into crystallize substances with appropriate attributes[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10]. The influences of input air temperature and feed rate on the powder quality attributes during spray-drying of roselle extract were examined[29]. Cid-Ortega and Guerrero-Beltran[36] verified the microencapsulation of Hibiscus sabdariffa (roselle) extract by spray drying with the support of maltodextrin and gum arabic as wall material. Navidad-Murrieta et al.[37] demonstrated the effect of maltodextrin and gum arabic as carrier material in spray-drying of Hibiscus sabdariffa extract. Objective of our study to examine the effect of sugar alcohols (mannitol, sorbitol, isomalt, xylitol, erythritol), carrier agents (maltodextrin, gum arabic, glutinous starch, whey protein concentrate, carboxymethyl cellulose), operating parameters of spray dryer (inlet/outlet air temperature, feed rate) on physicochemical quality (bulk density, solubility, total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, anthocyanin content) of rosselle powder
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