Technical note: Effect of delayed analysis of cooled lithium-heparinized whole blood on the stability of ionized calcium, ionized magnesium, sodium, potassium, chloride, glucose, and lactate in samples from dairy cows

Abstract

The objectives of this study were to describe the stability of bovine whole-blood electrolytes, glucose, and lactate in samples collected in lithium heparin tubes and stored in thermoconductive modules immersed in ice water. A total of 99 Jersey cows (40 first-parity, 18 second-parity, and 41 third-parity or greater cows) from a commercial dairy farm in West Texas were enrolled between June and July 2018. Blood was collected from the jugular vein using a 60-mL polypropylene syringe and equally distributed into 5 spray-dried evacuated lithium heparin tubes. Baseline samples were analyzed within 90 s of collection using a benchtop blood gas analyzer. The remaining 4 tubes were stored in a thermoconductive, passive-temperature-regulating module inside a cooler with ice water. At 30 min and 2, 4, and 8 h post-collection, samples were removed from the temperature-regulating module, gently inverted for 10 s, and analyzed. Repeated-measures models were built to evaluate the effect of time on the stability of ionized Ca (iCa), ionized Mg (iMg), Na, K, Cl, glucose, and lactate. Most of the analytes investigated remained stable up to 8 h under ice water storage conditions before analysis, including iCa, iMg, Cl, glucose, and lactate. However, Na and K were significantly affected by delayed analysis: Na remained stable up to 4 h post-collection, but K was not stable starting at 2 h post-collection. The results of this study are useful in helping future researchers and consultants to recognize acceptable time delays between whole blood collection and processing or analysis for electrolytes, glucose, and lactate.