Abstract
The present article introduces the concept of ecological assessment of reclamation projects. In addition, we built a framework that considers structure, function, and ecosystem services for the assessment of the impact of reclamation projects on marine ecology. Moreover, this study explored different technical methods for the ecological assessment of reclamation projects, with an emphasis on those that evaluate the impacts of reclamation on marine ecosystems structure. The present research provides technical support for the recognition and diagnosis of marine ecology problems that are the result of reclamation projects, introduces a guideline for the development of ecological restoration projects, assists in protecting coastal wetland ecosystems, promotes the scientific and reasonable management and control of reclamation, and helps in maintaining the regional marine ecological security pattern.
Highlights
Coastal areas are transition zones between ocean and land
The reference object of the marine ecological assessment of reclamation projects is the original ecosystem before degradation or the undamaged natural ecosystem
Considering the significance and purpose of the ecological assessment of reclamation projects, the present paper introduced the concept of ecological assessment of reclamation projects, and proposed a marine ecological assessment framework that includes structure, function and ecosystem services
Summary
Coastal areas are transition zones between ocean and land. Apart from natural geographical features such as rich resources and ecological fragility, coastal zones display unique social and economic characteristics. The rapid development of the marine economy, the acceleration of the urbanization process, and the rapid population growth have greatly stimulated infrastructure construction and the development of coastal industries, and at the same time have aggravated the shortages of land resources in coastal areas. There is a significant amount of research about the ecological impacts of reclamation(Ma et al 2009; Mu et al 2011; R.M.Muller et al 2020; Xiaojing et al 2020), ecological damage assessment of reclamation(Peng et al 2005; Li 2010; Li and Liu 2012; Li et al 2014; Yu et al 2015; Li and Wang 2016; Yu et al 2019; Zhang et al 2020), and ecosystem service losses from reclamation(Wang et al 2010; Sui et al 2013; Liu et al 2014; Jiang et al 2017; Liu et al 2020; Su and Li 2020) These studies have determined the impacts of reclamation on different environmental, ecological, and socio-economic factors, and have evaluated the feasibility of carrying out those reclamation projects. Based on the composition of the marine ecosystem and taking the reference system as the goal, the present study established an ecological assessment method for reclamation projects and achieved the goal of problem-oriented and scientific implementation of ecological restoration in the reclamation areas
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