Abstract
Leakage in below-grade concrete structures are repaired using various types of grout-injection materials, but the selection of optimal material types with a consideration of the environmental degradation factors are not conducted. Different degradation factors can act on the waterproofing membranes or grout-injection materials simultaneously. Especially in the early stages of installation, the injected grout materials in the cracks for leakage repair or for reforming damaged waterproofing layers are subject to complex forms of degradation factors. In such cases, physical property changes to the materials can reduce the waterproofing performance of the grout-injection materials. In this study, a technical evaluation regime is proposed for selecting the optimal repair material to be used in underground concrete structure leakage cracks. In this study, six environmental degradation factors (thermal stress, chemical corrosion, erosion due to ground water flow, hydrostatic pressure, substrate movement, and humidity on concrete surface) are identified. Corresponding evaluation methods based on the ISO TS 16774 test method series were used for each factor to assess the performance evaluation of four different types of grout-injection materials (acrylic resin, epoxy resin, polyurethane foam, and synthetic polymerized rubber gel). Based on the test results, a new comprehensive evaluation regime is presented that allows a quantitative performance comparison between each type of grout-injection material.
Highlights
The results are shown that the three epoxy resin products are all relatively susceptible to physical property changes under the effect of chemical exposure and substrate behavioral stress
The results are shown that the three polyurethane products are susceptible to a large degree of physical property changes under all degradation factors
The results are shown that the three synthetic polymer rubberized gel (SPRG) products were somewhat susceptible to physical property changes with regards to wet surface adhesion strength and water flow erosion
Summary
The grout-injection method is used to repair leakage problems caused by concrete cracks. As waterproofing membranes are installed in the positive side of the below-grade concrete wall, the. Waterproofing are installed in thewhen positive side of the below-grade wall,and the membrane layermembranes is nonexposed In such case, the waterproofing membraneconcrete is damaged membrane layer is nonexposed. Grout injection is used to ensure the leakage crack sealed or to fully reform the waterproofing layer in the positive side of the wall. To compensate for the materials selected for repair should be evaluated to ensure that they possess the individual this predicament, the property materialstoselected should be evaluated resistance or response each of for the repair possible degradation factors.to ensure that they possess the individual resistance or response property to each of the possible degradation factors.the existing In underground spaces such as basements, tunnels, and below-grade structures where. 1. six Thetypes six types of degradations applied to waterproofing membranes in below-grade structures
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