Abstract
Functional properties characterize the purpose of the aircraft and are described by its flight performance characteristics such as range and cruising speed, payload, runway characteristics, etc. Functional properties also characterize the aircraft efficiency that determines the objective need for their analysis by both aircraft designers and operators in conditions of permanent and systematic efficiency increase necessity. When choosing the aircraft, it is important for the operator to make sure that a selected aircraft type has a high level of functional properties, which will allow it to provide high operational efficiency without obsolescence in the long term. However, when choosing from several aircraft types the operator has to face the fact that some characteristics of considered aircraft variants are better and the others are worse that does not allow to definitely determine what aircraft type has a higher level of functional properties. The possibility of applying technical efficiency indicators and a generalized technical level indicator for analyzing the functional properties of civil aviation aircraft is explored in this article. Fuel, weight and target efficiency values as well as the previously improved technical level indicator value were calculated for the different generations and modifications of Boeing 737 and Airbus A320 families of medium-range airplanes, which was followed by the results interpretation within one airplane generation and when moving historically from one airplane generation to another. According to analysis results it is concluded that it is impossible to define the change of the aircraft functional properties level by the change in the values of separate technical efficiency indicators. Thus, it is proposed to use a generalized technical level indicator that determines the level of aircraft technical perfection for purpose and to use efficiency indicators to analyze the cost of providing this level of properties at aircraft production and operation phases.
Highlights
Functional properties characterize the aircraft efficiency that determines the objective need for their analysis by both aircraft designers and operators in conditions of permanent and systematic efficiency increase necessity
It is important for the operator to make sure that a selected aircraft type has a high level of functional properties, which will allow it to provide high operational efficiency without obsolescence in the long term
The possibility of applying technical efficiency indicators and a generalized technical level indicator for analyzing the functional properties of civil aviation aircraft is explored in this article
Summary
Московский государственный технический университет гражданской авиации, г. Д. Функциональные свойства также характеризуют эффективность летательных аппаратов, что в современных условиях важности постоянного и планомерного повышения эффективности определяет объективную необходимость их анализа как со стороны разработчиков, так и эксплуатантов. В данной статье исследовалась возможность применения показателей технической эффективности и обобщенного показателя технического уровня для анализа функциональных свойств самолетов гражданской авиации. По результатам анализа сделан вывод о том, что по изменению значений отдельных показателей технической эффективности невозможно сделать вывод об изменении уровня совокупности функциональных свойств самолетов. Ключевые слова: гражданская авиация, самолет, эффективность, технический уровень, функциональные свойства самолетов, летно-технические характеристики. Что для анализа функциональных свойств наилучшим образом подходят показатели технической эффективности и технического уровня. В настоящей работе на примере анализа функциональных свойств средних магистральных самолетов показано применение некоторых показателей технической эффективности и обобщенного показателя технического уровня для решения подобных задач
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