Abstract
[11C]Pittsburgh Compound B positron emission tomography has now been extensively used to evaluate the amyloid load in different types of dementia and has become a powerful research tool in the field of neurodegenerative diseases. In the present short review we discuss the properties of amyloid imaging agent [11C]Pittsburgh Compound B, the different modalities of molecular imaging, image processing and data analysis, and newer amyloid imaging agents.
Highlights
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the leading neurodegenerative disorder and accounts for approximately two-thirds of dementia
AD affects around 10% of people above the age of 75, and in the United States approximately 4 million people suffer from AD-related dementia with annual associated costs estimated to be approximately $100 billion
The diagnosis of AD currently depends on patients having impairments in memory function and at least one other cognitive domain, to the extent that it impairs daily function
Summary
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the leading neurodegenerative disorder and accounts for approximately two-thirds of dementia. This allows the accurate definition of volumes of interest (VOIs) on the brain imaging data. SPMs are image processes with voxel values that are, under the null hypothesis, distributed according to a known probability density function (usually Gaussian) These statistical parametric maps are three-dimensional projections of statistical functions that are used to characterise significant regional brain differences in imaging parameters. Abbreviations Aβ, β-amyloid protein; AD, Alzheimer’s disease; [18F]AV-45, florbetapir; HPLC, high-performance liquid chromatography; MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; PET, positron emission tomography; PIB, Pittsburgh Compound B; SPM, statistical parametric mapping; VOI, volume of interest. Author details 1Medical Research Council Clinical Sciences Centre and Division of Neuroscience, Imperial College London, Cyclotron Building, Hammersmith Hospital, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK. 2Wolfson Molecular Imaging Centre, University of Manchester, 27 Palatine Road, Withington, Manchester M20 3LJ, UK
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