Abstract
The scheme of combined district heating systems is used, in which centralized heating is used for heating and local heat source is used for hot water supply. A mathematical model has been developed that allows to perform a comparative analysis of the technical and economic characteristics of two scenarios of modernization of the heat supply system: replacement of boilers, heat networks and pumps while using the traditional hot water supply scheme, and replacement of these elements in combination with the installation of a local hot water supply source that provides the hot water supply. hot water by means of a local heat network whose length is substantially smaller than the existing one. Electric heaters and solar collectors with electric heating are proposed as local heat sources. The advantages of combined district heating schemes on the planning horizon of 10 years are shown. The analysis of the influence of various factors on the advantage of the combined scheme of district heating is performed. The developed model can be used for preparation of feasibility studies of projects of energy efficient modernization of district heating systems. Ref. 4, Fig. 7, Tab. 1.
Highlights
Ðîçãëÿíóòî ïðèíöèïîâó ñõåìó êîìá3íîâàíèõ ñèñòåì öåíòðàë3çîâàíîãî òåïëîïîñòà÷àííÿ, ó ÿêèõ äëÿ îïàëåííÿ âèêîðèñòîâóoòüñÿ öåíòðàë3çîâàíå, à äëÿ ãàðÿ÷îãî âîäîïîñòà÷àííÿ ëîêàëüíå äæåðåëî òåïëîâî¿ åíåðã3¿.
Ñ. Ìîäåðí3çàö3ÿ ÑÖÒ 3ç çàì3íîþ êîòë3â, ÒÌ, ÌÍ ïðè çìåíøåíîìó òåïëîâîìó íàâàíòàæåíí3 (ò3ëüêè îïàëåííÿ), à òàêîæ ïåðåâåäåííÿ ñèñòåìè ÃÂÏ íà ö3ëîð3÷íå æèâëåííÿ â3ä ëîêàëüíèõ ÒÄ 3ç âñòàíîâëåííÿì ñîíÿ÷íèõ êîëåêòîð3â ç åëåêòðè÷íèì äîãð3âîì ïî í3÷íîìó òàðèôó äëÿ íàñåëåííÿ, ùî äào ìîæëèâ3ñòü ïîêðèòè ïîòðåáó â ãàðÿ÷3é âîä3 äî 55 % ïðîòÿãîì ðîêó.
Äàë3 ðîçãëÿäàþòüñÿ òàê3 âèòðàòè: — êàï3òàëüí3 âèòðàòè íà çàì3íó êîòë3â, òðóá ÒÌ òà ÌÍ ç ÷àñòîòíèì ðåãóëþâàííÿì 3ç âðàõóâàííÿì âàðòîñò3 äîäàòêîâîãî îáëàäíàííÿ, ïðîåêòíèõ òà ìîíòàæíèõ ðîá3ò; — êàï3òàëüí3 âèòðàòè íà âñòàíîâëåííÿ ëîêàëüíèõ ÒÄ, ó òîìó ÷èñë3 ïðîåêòí3 òà ìîíòàæí3 ðîáîòè (âàð3àíòè Ñ òà D); — åêñïëóàòàö3éí3 âèòðàòè, ó òîìó ÷èñë3 íà ïàëèâî (ïðèðîäíèé ãàç) äëÿ âèðîáíèöòâà òåïëîâî¿ åíåðã3¿, íà åëåêòðîåíåðã3þ äëÿ òðàíñïîðòóâàííÿ òåïëîíîñ3ÿ òà äîãð3â ãàðÿ÷î¿ âîäè ïðè âèêîðèñòàíí3 ñîíÿ÷íèõ êîëåêòîð3â, íà ë3êâ3äàö3þ àâàð3é ó ÒÌ, íà îïëàòó ïåðñîíàëó, íà îáñëóãîâóâàííÿ ëîêàëüíèõ ÒÄ.
Summary
Ðîçãëÿíóòî ïðèíöèïîâó ñõåìó êîìá3íîâàíèõ ñèñòåì öåíòðàë3çîâàíîãî òåïëîïîñòà÷àííÿ, ó ÿêèõ äëÿ îïàëåííÿ âèêîðèñòîâóoòüñÿ öåíòðàë3çîâàíå, à äëÿ ãàðÿ÷îãî âîäîïîñòà÷àííÿ ëîêàëüíå äæåðåëî òåïëîâî¿ åíåðã3¿. Ñ. Ìîäåðí3çàö3ÿ ÑÖÒ 3ç çàì3íîþ êîòë3â, ÒÌ, ÌÍ ïðè çìåíøåíîìó òåïëîâîìó íàâàíòàæåíí3 (ò3ëüêè îïàëåííÿ), à òàêîæ ïåðåâåäåííÿ ñèñòåìè ÃÂÏ íà ö3ëîð3÷íå æèâëåííÿ â3ä ëîêàëüíèõ ÒÄ 3ç âñòàíîâëåííÿì ñîíÿ÷íèõ êîëåêòîð3â ç åëåêòðè÷íèì äîãð3âîì ïî í3÷íîìó òàðèôó äëÿ íàñåëåííÿ, ùî äào ìîæëèâ3ñòü ïîêðèòè ïîòðåáó â ãàðÿ÷3é âîä3 äî 55 % ïðîòÿãîì ðîêó.
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