TECHNICAL AND ECONOMIC ASSESSMENT OF FUNCTIONALLY HOMOGENEOUS GROUPS OF BIOGAS INSTALLATIONS

Abstract

The most common method of obtaining energy from biomass is anaerobic fermentation of agricultural waste. There are enough technical options for the implementation of biomass methanogenesis, starting with structurally simple ones and ending with technologically perfect installations of continuous operation using modern means of automation. Therefore, at the design stage, it is necessary to solve a set of problems related to the development and processing of initial information for the analysis and synthesis of optimal system options. The purpose of the study is to develop a technique for technical and economic assessment of functionally homogeneous groups of biogas plants. When choosing parameters of systems that ensure minimum costs for production and operation, it is suggested to apply parametric series for functionally homogeneous groups of biogas plants - ordered sets of numerical values of certain features characterizing their structural and operational properties. In order to influence the main factors on economic efficiency, the series are expressed by dependencies that are approximated by the corresponding functions. The problem must be solved as an extremal one and reduced to the minimization of some functional. Economic reasons are determined: the need for equipment, the cost of developing the latest samples and their operation. The use of complex methods to select the optimal type of biogas plants is not always advisable. More simple and fairly accurate methods are based on a feasibility study. At the same time, economic feasibility can be expressed by two criteria: maximum profit and minimum costs. The technical and economic analysis of parametric series is reduced to the search for the optimal series, which gives the greatest economic effect for large biogas plants and a minimum of capital costs for small ones. The application of this calculation method will significantly reduce the time for designing biogas plants and provide optimal technical and economic indicators.