Team Goal Monitoring in the Curvilinear Relationship Between Team Efficacy and Team Performance

Abstract

In this research we apply a team self-regulatory perspective to build and test theory focusing on the relationships between team efficacy and two key team performance criteria: a performance behavior (i.e., team effort) and a performance outcome (i.e., objective team sales). We theorize that rather than having a linear association, the performance benefits of team efficacy reach a point of inflection, reflective of too-much-of a good thing. Further, in an effort to establish a boundary condition of the inverted-U shaped relationship we predict, we also test the moderating role played by team goal monitoring in the non-monotonic relationship between team efficacy and team performance. The results from a lagged field test, in which we collect multi-source data from 153 technology sales teams, reveal a significant curvilinear association that is moderated by team goal monitoring behavior. Implications for theory and practice are discussed.