Abstract
BackgroundHealthcare and human services increasingly rely on teams of individuals to deliver services. Implementation of evidence-based practices and other innovations in these settings requires teams to work together to change processes and behaviors. Accordingly, team functioning may be a key determinant of implementation outcomes. This systematic review will identify and summarize empirical research examining associations between team functioning and implementation outcomes in healthcare and human service settings.MethodsWe will conduct a comprehensive search of bibliographic databases (e.g., MEDLINE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, ERIC) for articles published from January 2000 or later. We will include peer-reviewed empirical articles and conference abstracts using quantitative, qualitative, or mixed methods. We will include experimental or observational studies that report on the implementation of an innovation in a healthcare or human service setting and examine associations between team functioning and implementation outcomes. Implementation outcomes of interest are acceptability, adoption, appropriateness, cost, feasibility, fidelity, penetration, and sustainability. Two reviewers will independently screen all titles/abstracts, review full-text articles, and extract data from included articles. We will use the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool to assess methodological quality/bias and conduct a narrative synthesis without meta-analysis.DiscussionUnderstanding how team functioning influences implementation outcomes will contribute to our understanding of team-level barriers and facilitators of change. The results of this systematic review will inform efforts to implement evidence-based practices in team-based service settings.Systematic review registrationPROSPERO CRD42020220168
Highlights
Healthcare and human services increasingly rely on teams of individuals to deliver services
The protocol for this systematic review has been registered in the international prospective register of systematic reviews (PROSPERO; registration number: CRD42020220168) and is reported in accordance with the guidance provided in the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA-P) statement ([36, 37]; see checklist in Additional File 1)
Behavioral, and cognitive aspects of team functioning are likely to affect the ways in which teams respond to change efforts and impact implementation outcomes
Summary
The protocol for this systematic review has been registered in the international prospective register of systematic reviews (PROSPERO; registration number: CRD42020220168) and is reported in accordance with the guidance provided in the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA-P) statement ([36, 37]; see checklist in Additional File 1). Study design We will include peer-reviewed empirical articles and conference abstracts using quantitative, qualitative, or mixed methods. Review findings will be presented in succinct tables that include lists of individual studies contributing to the finding, the range and distribution of quantitative results, summaries of qualitative findings, and ratings of evidence quality (described below). Data extraction We will use DistillerSR software to extract relevant data, including basic study information (e.g., authors, publication year, funding source), study aim(s), study setting, sample characteristics (e.g., eligibility criteria, sample size, participant demographics), study type and design, innovation implemented, implementation methods, assessment timepoints, measures of team functioning, implementation outcome(s), statistical analysis methods, and results. GRADE-CERQual is designed for qualitative studies, and ratings are based on (1) methodological limitations of individual studies, (2) coherence, (3) adequacy (i.e., richness and quantity) of data, and (4) relevance to review question. Two independent reviewers will make ratings, and discrepancies between reviewers will be resolved through discussion and consultation with a third author when needed to reach consensus
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