Abstract
Mathematical modelling is one of the most effective means to study the complex systems and processes. One of the most convenient means of mathematical modelling used in the analysis of functioning of systems of this class are simulation models that describe the structure and behavior of the system in the form of a program for the PC and allow conducting computer experiments with the aim of obtaining the necessary data on the functioning of the elements and the system as a whole during certain time intervals. Currently, the simulation tools market presents a large number of different simulation systems. However, the selection of suitable tools is very important. Specialized programs in particular are GPSS World, MATLAB/ Simulink, and AnyLogic. Distributed information and control systems (ICS) are dispersed in space multifunctional coherent set of stationary and moving elements with developed technical means of reception, transmission and processing of information. The task is to determine a rational structure of ICS, system-planned indicators of quality of development and functioning of which meet specified requirements under given structural constraints, characteristics of information flows, and parameters of technical tools. For experimental research of functioning processes of the described system a simulation model was developed. This model allows obtaining and evaluating such functional characteristics as the degree of technical means utilization, waiting time of information in queues for service, the level of efficiency of transmission and processing of information, the time of forming a single media and etc. The model also allows evaluating the performance of the system depending on the flight schedule, flight paths, characteristics of technical means, the system structure, failure of individual elements and depending on other parameters. The developed simulation model in GPSS allows students to master the subject area deeply enough – the system of collecting telemetry, ballistic and other information, to understand how the devices for collecting and transmitting information operate, how their work is described with simulation models and how you can analyze and adjust the structure and characteristics of the entire simulated system and its separate elements with the use of the simulation model. A course paper is done based on the given model.
Highlights
Teaching modelling of distributed information and control systems to students using the method of simulation modelling
One of the most convenient means of mathematical modelling used in the analysis of functioning of systems of this class are simulation models that describe the structure and behavior of the system in the form of a program for the PC and allow conducting computer experiments with the aim of obtaining the necessary data on the functioning of the elements and the system as a whole during certain time intervals
The model allows evaluating the performance of the system depending on the flight schedule, flight paths, characteristics of technical means, the system structure, failure of individual elements and depending on other parameters
Summary
В настоящее время на рынке средств имитационного моделирования представлено достаточно обширное количество различных систем имитационного моделирования. Специализированными программами, в частности, являются: GPSS World, MATLAB/ Simulink с пакетом SimEvents, а также AnyLogic [5]. Другие преимущества этого программного продукта – бесплатность версии GPSS World для студентов, ее доступность через Интернет, достаточное количество русскоязычной литературы, а также низкие требования к ресурсам ЭВМ [7, 8]. SimEvents – это библиотека пакета MATLAB Simulink для моделирования систем с дискретными состояниями, использующая теорию очередей и СМО [9, 10]. AnyLogic позволяет продемонстрировать работу системы с помощью 3D-анимации. Отличительной чертой AnyLogic от других программных средств имитационного моделирования является наличие возможность создания интерактивной анимации для улучшения наглядности моделей. Также к недостатком AnyLogic можно отнести его гибкость, обычно предлагается не один, а множество путей разработки модели, и для эффективного выбора из этого спектра нужна некоторая практика. Для задач дискретно-событийного моделирования методологической основой можно считать теорию систем массового обслуживания (СМО). С помощью моделирования СМО решаются задачи оценки средней и максимальной длины очереди, частоты отказов в обслуживании, средней загрузки каналов, определение их числа, задача развязки узких мест системы и т.д
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