Abstract

Electrostatic potential maps generated from quantum mechanical calculations are widely used to teach students about molecular polarity and assign atomic charges (Shusterman, G. P.; Shusterman, A. J. J. Chem. Educ. 1997, 74, 771–776; Hehre, W. J.; Shusterman, A. J.; Nelson, J. E. The Molecular Modeling Workbook for Organic Chemistry: Wavefunction: Irvine, CA, 1998). The assumption that potential equals charge is only valid, however, when comparing atoms of similar size. The proper use of potential maps requires consideration of atomic charge, atomic radius, and the electron configuration (orbital occupancy) of the atom in question. These points are illustrated through the analysis of the potential maps of various halogen-containing molecules.

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