Teachers Practices on the Implementation of Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) Through Synchronous Online Learning: A Systematic Literature Review

Abstract

This paper demonstrates an analysis of a systematic review based on the various past studies related to teacher practices on the implementation of communicative language teaching (CLT) via synchronous online learning. All the past studies are reviewed from 2015 to 2021 with the total of fifteen studies. This paper aims to review and highlight on the implementation of communicative language teaching (CLT) through synchronous online learning by the teachers that focusing on three major objectives which are how CLT is implemented via synchronous online learning, the challenges faced by teachers in conducting CLT via synchronous online learning, and the effectiveness of CLT via synchronous online learning. The findings indicate that various online platforms can be utilized in assisting teachers to implement CLT during synchronous online learning. The most used apps based on the past studies is Zoom Meeting and followed by Discord, Google Meet, Google Classroom, Webex, Youtube, WhatsApp and Email. Although there are various technologies and online platforms that have been advocated for the application of CLT via synchronous online learning, the problems and constraints still arose during the lesson for both teachers and students. For the teachers they had difficulties affiliated to the readiness in adapting e-learning, the accessibility to e-learning devices and classroom management issues. However, for the students the problems are related to their attention spans, difficulty to apprehend the task, limited access to direct interactive communication and limitation to online learning access. Apart from that, most of the teachers agree that implementing CLT through synchronous online learning brings more drawbacks and hinder them to achieve the teaching and learning objectives to the fullest.