Teachers’ Experiences in Using the A-P-E (Alam-Pagsasabuhay-Epekto) Diagram as a Reflection Tool in World History Classes

Abstract

This research examined the development and experiences of World History teachers in using the Alam-Pagsasabuhay-Epekto diagram as a reflective tool in their classes. The development of the tool is drawn from Kolb’s Reflective Model (1984), the C3 Framework (2013), Piaget’s (1968) constructivist theory, and Watson’s (1930) behaviorist theory. The project was action research conducted among Social Studies teachers handling World History classes at Pabago High School. Data collection on the teacher’s experiences and perceptions on the reflective tool entailed using a Likert-scaled survey and focus group discussion using semi-structured questions. The project uncovered the teachers’ experiences of using reflection to increase reflective practices, leading to learning application using the Alam-Pagsasabuhay-Epekto diagram. The project concluded with recommendations for enhancing learning applications and further studies on the students’ use of reflective writing activities in the Social Studies classroom. Future studies could potentially influence teachers’ practices inside the classroom and the curriculum planners in designing a more interactive Social Studies program. The outcomes of this project can be utilized to inform teacher training programs of the Department of Education in the area of reflection tools and activities to promote a more active application of World History lessons.