Abstract
The purpose of this study is to develop a scale –acceptable to potential studies in the context of multicultural education– for determining teachers' attitudes, self-efficacy perceptions and beliefs regarding necessity of multicultural education. The items of the scale which were developed according to opinions of experts and literature were issued as five-level Likert scale based on teachers' subjective statements. The research was carried out in Kosovo which is the place of duty of native Turkish, Albanian and Bosnian speaking teachers and a culturally rich city. Therefore the scale was translated to Turkish, Bosnian and Albanian languages and applied to ten teachers to provide linguistic equivalence. After linguistic equivalence enabled, exploratory factor analysis have been conducted based on data that derived from 490 teachers in Kosovo. By results of analysis conducted based on varimax rotation, belief scale which has 9 items 2 factors, attitude scale which has 16 items and 3 factors and self-efficacy scale which has 13 items and 3 factors were determined. After factor structures revealed, Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) was conducted. It was observed that fit indices obtained through CFA offer an acceptable value. The Cronbach's alpha reliability coefficients of all and sub dimensions of the scale were determined as high. On one hand it caused limitations that the study to be conducted in just one country on the other hand the country which is a culturally rich sample enhanced acceptability level of the scale. According to results of the study, the scales are available for determining teachers' attitude, belief and self-efficacy in the context of multicultural education.
Highlights
The culture, constituting the identity of a society and making it different from other societies, is the notion on which most studied and discussed, from different perspectives
As it is remarked in definitions, it can be said that the notion of culture includes ethnicity, diversity, pluralism and multiculturalism
After the scales were created, asked for help of experts to examine the scales in terms of concept and face validity
Summary
The culture, constituting the identity of a society and making it different from other societies, is the notion on which most studied and discussed, from different perspectives It has become an issue of which has been spoken nationally and internationally more and more in the context of the conception which has occurred along with the globalization fact. Wallerstein ([82]: 31) states that the notion of "culture" is used to define "common lifestyle" of societies who declares of intention to live together As it is seen in definitions, for the notion of “culture”, which reflects common values of a society, it can be said that it contains richness and diversity. As it is remarked in definitions, it can be said that the notion of culture includes ethnicity, diversity, pluralism and multiculturalism
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