Abstract

This paper presents a TDEM (Time Domain Electromagnetic Methods) application, addressed to the search for water on Mars. In this context, the opportunities for a TDEM system as payload in a future mission are investigated for different in situ exploration scenarios. The TDEM sounding capability is evaluated with respect to the expected Martian environment, and some considerations are made about the many unknown variables (above all the background EM noise and the subsoil composition) altogether with the limited resources availability (mission constraints in mass, time and power) and the way they could represent an obstacle for operations and measurements.

Highlights

  • The large amount of data and images recorded from Mars has given a detailed knowledge of planet environment permitting the scientific community to seek matters of fundamental scientific relevance

  • The study concerns the analysis of a TDEM (Time Domain Electromagnetic Method) system for in situ martian geophysical exploration

  • TDEM is a controlled source, remote sensing, time domain electromagnetic (EM) method operating at the diffusion regime of EM propagation and sensitive to the conductivity gradient

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Summary

Introduction

The large amount of data and images recorded from Mars has given a detailed knowledge of planet environment (surface and atmosphere) permitting the scientific community to seek matters of fundamental scientific relevance. The study concerns the analysis of a TDEM (Time Domain Electromagnetic Method) system for in situ martian geophysical exploration. TDEM (originally developed for detecting massive sulphide deposits) is beginning to emerge due to its high sensitivity that has the best potential for deep hydro-geophysical mapping. This makes it preferable to other electromagnetic methods such as IP The structure of the paper is the following: Section 2 introduces the TDEM survey basic concepts (functioning principles, modelling and data interpretation).

TDEM generalities
Modelling a TDEM survey
Insights into water on Mars and some future mission scenarios
Mission scenarios
Screening effect and depth of investigation
Target resolution
Conclusions
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