TCVQ-SVM algorithm for narrowband spectrum sensing

Abstract

Spectrum sensing is viewed as the basic and crucial technology for cognitive radio. To improve the accuracy of spectrum sensing in low signal to noise ratio (SNR), this paper presents an efficient TCVQ-SVM method based on machine learning for narrowband spectrum sensing. Firstly, trace of covariance matrix and variance of quadratic covariance matrix (TCVQ) is extracted as feature vectors and combined as training samples of spectrum sensing. Then, the classification model can be achieved by training samples based on support vector machine (SVM), which can avoid setting threshold and adjusting classification hyperplane by its self-learning ability. Lastly, the result of spectrum sensing can be obtained. By utilizing trace and variance as input features of SVM, the algorithm can make full use of the eigenvalue difference and structure characteristic of the received signal, and at the same time, achieve good performance in low SNR. Theoretical analysis reveals that the proposed method has low computational complexity. Simulation results and experiments on the hardware platform illustrate that the proposed algorithm is effective and robust.