Abstract
T cell receptor-engineered T cell (TCR-T) therapy is free from the limit of surface antigen expression of the target cells, which is a potential cellular immunotherapy for cancer treatment. Significant advances in the treatment of hematologic malignancies with cellular immunotherapy have aroused the interest of researchers in the treatment of solid tumors. Nevertheless, the overall efficacy of TCR-T cell immunotherapy in solid tumors was not significantly high when compared with hematological malignancies. In this article, we pay attention to the barriers of TCR-T cell immunotherapy for solid tumors, as well as the strategies affecting the efficacy of TCR-T cell immunotherapy. To provide some reference for researchers to better overcome the impact of TCR-T cell efficiency in solid tumors.
Highlights
Immunotherapy, which is currently changing the concept of cancer treatment, is based on the theory that immune cells can recognize and eliminate cancer cells
T cell receptor-engineered T cell (TCR-T) therapy is free from the limit of surface antigen expression of the target cells, which is a potential cellular immunotherapy for cancer treatment
This study showed that CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing provides a powerful tool for enhancing the natural anticancer activity of human T cells and the feasibility of cancer immunotherapy
Summary
Immunotherapy, which is currently changing the concept of cancer treatment, is based on the theory that immune cells can recognize and eliminate cancer cells. Isolated tumor antigen-specific T cell subgroups from patients were amplified in vitro and re-infused into the same patient Because these T cell clones are rare with significantly interindividual variations, their production on an industrial level is difficult. In the second generation of development, tumor antigen-specific T cells were cloned, and their TCR gene sequences were determined. These TCR gene sequences were subsequently transduced into peripheral T cells from patients. The fourth generation of TCR-T cell treatment is a highly specific cell therapy targeting neoantigens, markedly improving tumor response and patient safety [3]. T cell receptor-engineered T cell (TCR-T) therapy is free from the limit of surface antigen expression of the target cells, which is a potential cellular immunotherapy for cancer treatment. Constructing a TCR-T cell group that can recognize reliable targets with sufficient affinity and function to eliminate existing tumors and prevent recurrence remains a challenge [5]
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