TCF7L2 gene polymorphisms rs12255372, rs7903146, rs10885406 and the association with type 2 diabetes in a population of Legian Village, Kuta, Bali.

Abstract

Background: Polymorphisms in the transcription factor 7 like-2 (TCF7L2) gene have been consistently reported to be associated with increased risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus in various populations, in particular, the rs7903146, rs12255372, and rs10885406 polymorphism. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate whether these polymorphisms in the Balinese population of Legian village. Methods: A cross-sectional study enrolling 286 participants (178 male, 108 female), mean age was 46.0±10.0 (range 20–83) years. PCR-RFLP conducted genotyping for rs7903146, rs12255372, and rs10885406 polymorphism, fasting and two hours after meal blood glucose were measured. Student’s t-test and analysis of variance (ANOVA) and chi-square test were employed.  Results: The frequencies of the CC and CT genotypes of the rs7903146 polymorphism were 93.4% and 6.6%. The GG and GT genotypes of the rs12255372 polymorphism were 94.8% and 5.2%, while in the rs10885406 they were 87.1%, 12.2%, and 0.7% for the AA, AG, and GG genotypes. The TT genotypes of the rs7903146 and rs12255372 not found. The prevalence of type 2 diabetes in this population were 9.0%. The frequency of the CT genotype of the rs7903146 was higher in diabetes compare to the non-diabetes group (7.6% vs. 6.5%, p=0.822), while GT genotype in rs12255372 was lower (3.8% vs. 5.3%, p=0.737). The AG genotype of the rs10885406 also lower in diabetes group (7.6% vs. 12.6%, p=0.679). In the CT genotype of rs7903146, the two hours after meal blood glucose were significantly higher (141.15 ± 125.06 vs. 107.50 ± 46.94, p=0.012). Interestingly, although not statistically significant, individuals with the GG genotype showed the lowest blood glucose. Conclusion: Rs7903146, rs12255372, and rs10885406 polymorphisms in the TCF7L2 genes did not show association with type 2 diabetes in the Balinese population of Legian Village. However, two hours after meal blood glucose level was found to be significantly higher in the CT genotype of the rs7903146.